SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SOURCES

THE IMPACT OF SOLAR PV INSTALLATION IN ETHEKWINI, KWAZULU-NATAL

Abstract

This study examines the impact of solar photovoltaic (PV) installations in the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality, focusing on economic and environmental benefits, implementation challenges, and policy recommendations. The primary objective is to evaluate solar PV as a sustainable alternative to coal-powered and diesel-generated electricity. A quantitative research approach was adopted, utilizing the eThekwini Municipality's GIS Department’s solar map viewer to calculate potential annual savings from solar energy adoption. Six locations with mixed property uses—including commercial, residential, industrial, and special-use properties—were analyzed to visualize potential cost savings and energy efficiency gains. The findings indicate that switching from coal-generated power to solar power can lead to significant economic savings, with electricity cost reductions of 20–30% for businesses and households. The municipality’s feed-in tariff program has further incentivized adoption, and over 5,000 participants now contribute excess energy to the grid. Additionally, the solar sector has created approximately 1,500 local jobs in installation, maintenance, and manufacturing. From an environmental perspective, solar PV adoption has resulted in a 15% reduction in municipal carbon emissions, aiding in climate change mitigation. However, challenges such as high upfront installation costs and a lack of awareness persist, limiting widespread adoption. Solar PV systems offer significant economic and environmental benefits, but financial and educational barriers must be addressed. The study recommends expanding financial incentives, enhancing public awareness campaigns, and streamlining regulations to facilitate increased adoption. These efforts will contribute to a more sustainable and energy-efficient future for eThekwini.