Role of multidetector computed tomographybased component separation index in the management of large ventral hernias

Abstract

Background: Predicting complete closure of large ventral hernias without component separation (CS) could have clinical value. The utility of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT)-based component separation index (CSI) was derived and evaluated for these hernias.

Methods: In 60 patients with a ventral hernia, a CSI was calculated based on their MDCT. In group I (first 30 patients), hernia repair was performed by an open approach and operative assessment determined the need for CS to effect complete closure. A CSI value above which defect closure needed CS was taken as the CSI reference point. In group II (second 30 patients), the hernia repair was done laparoscopically. Patients with a CSI at or below the reference point of group I underwent intraperitoneal onlay mesh (IPOM) after direct closure of the defect (IPOM-plus). The other patients had bilateral endoscopic component separation (ECS) before entry into the peritoneal cavity for an intended IPOM-plus.

Results: A CSI above 0.067 and 0.044 in open and laparoscopic approaches respectively required CS for complete defect closure. A CSI above 0.25 and 0.125 in open and laparoscopic approaches respectively, despite CS, predicted complete closure of defect was not possible.

Conclusion: CSI is a more comprehensive parameter for evaluation of ventral hernia than the conventional twodimensional parameters and can predict the need of component separation prior to complete closure of the defect in both laparoscopic and open approach.