Use of probiotics in community pharmacy in South Africa: a survey of pharmacist attitudes, perceptions and knowledge

Abstract

Background: Probiotics are live microorganisms that confer health benefits by positively influencing gut microbiota and overall gastrointestinal health. Pharmacists, as key healthcare professionals, are well-positioned to educate both patients and other practitioners on the appropriate use of probiotics. However, in South Africa, there is limited research on pharmacists’ knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions regarding probiotic supplements. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of community pharmacists in South Africa toward the use of probiotics through a structured survey.

Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive survey was conducted among community pharmacists across South Africa.

Results: Of the respondents, 18.5% demonstrated a high level of knowledge about probiotics, while 11.3% showed poor knowledge (Mean ± SD = 13.81 ± 2.8). Positive attitudes were observed in 51.3% of participants, whereas 47.6% exhibited positive perceptions. Statistically significant but weak correlations were found between knowledge and attitudes (r = 0.1537, p = 0.0179), and between attitudes and perceptions (r = 0.3214, p < 0.0001).

Conclusion: The findings reveal that while pharmacists generally hold positive attitudes and perceptions toward probiotics, their knowledge remains limited. This study highlights a critical gap and underscores the need for targeted educational initiatives to enhance pharmacists’ understanding and effective communication regarding probiotic use in clinical practice.